DIFFUSION
In SPM you need to know
- Diffusion is one of the proof of the particle theory of matter
- the definition of diffusion
- diffusion in solid , liquid and gas
- factors that affect the rate of diffusion and the related experiments
WHAT IS DIFFUSION?
- Diffusion is the process of spreading of a substance from a region of high concentration to a region of low concentration
- it occurs when the particle of the substance move through the space between the particles of another substance
- figure show below how bromine particles diffuse into the air
- the Ooccurs in solid , liquid and gas
- the rate of diffusion is highest in gas and lowest in solid
- diffusion is the proof of particle theory of matter
- THE RATE OF DIFFUSION IS HIGHEST IN GAS AND LOWEST IN SOLID
- DIFFUSION IS THE PROOF OF PARTICLE THEORY OF MATTER
Observation:
The blue colour of copper(II) sulphate fills up the entire test tube after a few days
- copper(II) sulphate crystal are made up of copper(II) ions and sulphate ions which are tuny and discrete
- the particle in the copper(II) sulphate crystal will separate to become ions and diffuse randomly upwards until the whole gel turns blue
DIFFUSION IN LIQUID
Observtion:
The purple colour of potassium manganate(VII) fills up the entire test tube after a few hours
- diffusion has taken place in the liquid
- the rate of diffusion of the particle in water is faster than the diffusion rate of particles in solid
- the occurrence of diffusion proves that potassium manganate(VII) consist of tiny and discrete particles
DIFFUSION IN GAS
Observation:
The brown colour bromine vapour spreads evenly throughout the gas jar in a few minutes
- bromine vapour is made of tiny and discrete molecules that move randomly to fill up space
- bromine vapour move randomly and diffuse in all direction in air from areas of higher concentration to areas of lower concentration
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